Tuesday, October 6, 2020

Refractive index of a glass prism

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Aim To determine the refractive index of a glass prism


Apparatus and Materials


1. 60-60-60 glass prism X 1


. Optical pins X 4


. Drawing board X 1


4. Sheet of paper X 1


5. Protractor X 1


6. Drawing pins X 4


7. Ruler X 1


Theory


When D is at minimum, where n is the refractive index of the prism,



Procedure


1. A sheet of paper was fixed on a drawing board by using drawing pins.


. A glass prism was placed in the middle of the paper and the outline of the prism was drawn on the paper.


. Two optical pins, P1 and P, were placed on one side of the prism as shown in the figure.


4. The images of P1 and P were observed from the other side of the prism.


5. Two other pins, P and P4, were placed on the sheet of paper so that they appeared to be in line with the images of P1 and P.


6. All the optical pins were removed and a line joining the holes P1 and P was drawn on the sheet of paper. Another line joining the holes P and P4 was drawn on the sheet of paper.


7. Two lines representing the normal were drawn on the sheet of paper. i1, i and D were measured by using protractor.


8. Steps to 8 were repeated with different incident angles for seven times.


. The results were tabulated.


Results


i1/i/D/


07844


4058


5047


5548


65540


704


8084


From the graph, Dmin = 6.7¢X


A = 60¢X


Calculation


Conclusion and Discussion


The refractive index of the prism is 1.44


Sources of errors


1. Inaccurate measurement of the deviation angle and incidence angle due the apparatus


. Inaccurate location of the light ray by the pins


. Inaccurate plotting of the two graphs


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